Apparatus for processing music as data

ABSTRACT

A musical instrument such as an organ with a keyboard is attached to a data processing system. The interface between the instrument and the computer includes means for converting electrical signals produced by depressing the keys on the instrument to data in a format suitable for processing. The musical instrument is provided with a mechanism such as a foot pedal which can be actuated by the artist to provide rhythm timing to the computer. The data processing system includes means for translating the data received from the musical instrument into a format suitable for printing, displaying or storing the data in musical notation.

United States Patent [19 Davis et al.

[ Dec. 16, 1975 1 1 APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING MUSIC AS DATA [73] Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation, Armonk, NY.

[22] Filed: Jan. 2, 1974 [21] Appl. No.: 430,458

[52] US. Cl. 84/462; 84/1.01; 84/1.03;

84/477 R [51] Int. C1. G10G 3/04 [58] Field of Search 84/1.011.03,

84/1.28, DIG. 29, 115, 461, 462, 464, 477 R 3,746,773 7/1973 Uetrecht 84/1.01 3,763,364 10/1973 Deutsch et a1 84/1.03 X 3,771,406 11/1973 Wheelwright i l 84/464 3,781,452 12/1973 Vauclain 84/1.28 3,789,719 2/1974 3,809,786 5/1974 3,809,788 5/1974 3,809,789 5/1974 3,809,790 5/1974 3,810,106 5/1974 Nadler et a1. 84/1.01 X

Primary Examiner joseph W. l-lartary Assistant ExaminerStanley .1. Witkowski Attorney, Agent, or Firr nBernard M. Goldman [5 7] ABSTRACT A musical instrument such as an organ with a keyboard is attached to a data processing system. The interface between the instrument and the computer includes means for converting electrical signals produced by depressing the keys on the instrument to data in a format suitable for processing. The musical [56] References Cited i t t 0 d a m h h a ns rumen 1S pr v1 e W1 ec anism suc s 21 UNITED STATES PATENTS foot pedal which can be actuated by the artist to pro- 2,855,816 10/1958 01801! et a1 84/1.03 vide rhythm timing to the computer The data process- 84/103 ing system includes means for translating the data re- 3 610 799 1011971 3 I i 2:113? ceived from the musical instrument into a format suit- 3:647:929 3/1972 Milde, 11.1...." .11: 84/1201 b for W dsplaymg or stormg the data m 3,683,096 8/1972 Peterson et al. 84/115 5131 3,697,661 10/1972 Deutsch 84/1,01 3,733,593 5/1973 Molnar 84/1.01 X 5 Chums, 35 Drawmg Flgures 12 16 20 44 L 22 COMMAND 1 I i TRANSLATE GRAPHIC/1L 1 ARTWORK A 1 I/O PHASE 'gE J'fLi PHASE INPUT PHASE (F|GS.9-22,29, 1 imcs 23-28) 1116- (FIGS,

PRINT OUT PRINT OUT (SAVEDATA) (SPADDATA) $53 2:53: Em 25m 3 3 255; $2522 A 35: 3 fez 22 323 #255 E d ME :5 :a

35% E 33:3 52m: in; .53

US. Patent Dec.16,1975 Sheet6of33 3,926,088

FIG.6

FROM ORGAN WRITE BUS KEY CONTACTS FROM PDA WRITE WRITE BIT 0 BIT 15 LINES LINES WRITE SEL \ II I I II 0 WORDS wonoz WORDI worwo (s1 TIMING 1s BITS IGBITS IGBITS 1s BITSGZ NT L PLAYBACK' G5 SSI III DEGODER READ SEL DR IVERS I6 1 READ READ LINES LINES V A BIT 0 BIT 15 T0 ORGAN T0 PDA KEY ING GIRGUITS US. Patent Dec. 16, 1975 Sheet80f33 3,926,088

8 BASIC TIMING RDYIRDORWR) I' I I I I I ssI D Fl II 2 5 Fl I'I Ih OOUNTERI I I BA BA B A B A CBA (OO(C)I\ /01(I) I2I I5) /1O0/(4L J COUNTERIII I I I Hm I K (I) I I (2) I I) IIEIIIIAI I I WRITE TIMING WRSEL.

I J l I I I I GI e2 e5 G0,GI,G2,G5 II 'II H IIEIIAIIIIIIIIRITEII'I II I I EORIWRITE) 8 L READ TIMING RESET CTRS RD.SELECT 60,61, $2,05, J' L DEMAND (READ) [I II II J EOR (READ) I I U.S. Patent Dec. 16, 1975 Sheet9of33 3,926,088

FIG, 9 COMMAND PHASE= COMMAND START LANGUAGE C SET UP ENTRY INTS T0 /500 CE ROUTINES TYPEINIT SET UP TERMINAL 502 TSETNEDRWTPJO o A FOR RE T 4 TRANS PRINT PICTURE ORGAN new F|G.H F|GA4 FIGM FIG.14 FIG.14 A a c o E F PLAY DUMP US. Patent Dec. 16, 1975 Sheet 10 of 33 3,926,088

WAIT FOR COMPLETION SEND MSG 'COMPLETED' T CLOSE APPROPIATE DATA SET U.S. Patent Dec. 16,1975 Sheet110f33 3,926,088

F l G. 1 1

SET SWITCH T KDIO (FIG.30)

ATTACH SERV 02 OUTPUT MSG FEATURE NOT SUPPORTED 512 T T FIGH FIG.9 B C U.S. Patent Dec. 16,1975 Sheet 12 of 33 3,926,088

SCANRQST E j START E j E J R ASK FOR FIGJZ SEND use INVALID REQUEST E INITIALIZE 406 SWITCHES R DEFAULTS A v DOES N0 SEND RETURN PICTURE HAVE es (560) ATTRIBUT INVALID SYNTAY YES 448 R SAVE 420 MEMBER NAME ANY YES MORE ATTRIBUTES RETURN TO CALLER US. Patent Dec. 16,1975 Sheet 13 of33 3,926,088

FIGJB.

TRANS ATTACH TRANS ATTACH READDAOS (SUBTASK) SEND MSG ENTER STOP WHEN DONE WAIT FOR EXIT OF READDAOS SEND MSG PLAY TERMINATED CLOSE AP DATA PROPRIATE SET FIG.9 A

US. Patent Dec. 16, 1975 F I G. 14

DUMP PRINT ATTACH ATTACH SERV04 PRINT soo Sheet 14 of 33 PICTURE SET INIT SWITCH KDIO (FIG. 30)

OPEN

FOR INPUT DCB ATTACH ORGAN (Help FIG.I0

US. Patent Dec. 16,1975 Sheet 15 0f33 3,926,088

FIG.45 B

PLAY TRAAs ORGAN PRINT TIME INTERVAL SET VERBSW ERBSW FIGAGV =10 MILLE sEp TRAN INT A A A SET VERBSW SET IOSAVESW PLAY I0 READ A A FIG. H618 FIGAS H620 F|G.2l H622 D E F G H I SAVE SPAD PICTKEY M KEY TRANS PARMKEY DU TERM) DELSAVE DELSPAD U.S. Patent Dec. 16, 1975 Sheet 16 of 33 3,926,088

FIGJS LISTDIR FIG.15 new. (a) COLLAREA B c (SAVE DATA) \4006 FIG.22

US. Patent Dec. 16, 1975 Sheet 17 of33 3,926,088

KEYWORD= SAVE F I G. 17

TURN OFF TRANSW SAVE DS/NAME m SAVENAME U.S. Patent Dec. 16,1975 Sheet 18 0f33 3,926,088

FIGJB SET IOSPADSW WRITE SET IOSPADSW SAVE SPAD READ NAME {2M US. Patent Dec. 16, 1975 Sheet 19 of 33 3,926,088

FIG.19

PICTKEY OR IN 'VERBSW (PIBTURE) TURN OFF TRANS DEFAULT 7 OR IN VERBSW C) (PICTURE) D 

1. In combination with a data processing system: a keyboard musical instrument connected to said data processing system; means for scanning the key contacts of the individual keys of the keyboard for converting electrical signals produced by depressing said keys into data which is compatible with said data processing system, means connected to said scanning means and responsive to signals from said data processing system for tranferring said data to said data processing system to thereby collect data representative of the music performed; and means in said data processing system for translating said data into a format suitable for outputting said data in musical notation.
 2. In combination with a keyboard instrument: a data processing system first means for sampling depressed keys on the keyboard; second means responsive to said sampling means for producing first data output representative of said depressed keys; means responsive to said second means and to the data processing system for translating said first data output to said data processing system to thereby collect a second data output representative of the music performed; and means responsive to said translating means for converting said second data output to third data output in musical notation for an output device.
 3. In combination with a data processing system: a musical instrument keyboard having key contacts coupled to an electrical source, said key contacts corresponding to keys on said keyboard for producing electrical signals having one state when a key is depressed and another state when a key is not depressed; a switch coupled to an electrical source, operable in conjunction with the actuation of the keyboard during a musical perfomance; means for scanning said key contacts and said switch for converting electrical signals produced by depressing said keys and switch, into digital data which is compatible with said data processsing system; means connected to said scanning means and responsive to signals from said data processing system for transferring said data to said data processing system to thereby collect data representative of the music performed; and means in said data processing system for translating said data into a format suitable for outputting said data in musical notation.
 4. In combination with a data processing system: a musical instrument including a keyboard; means for inputting first data from said musical instrument into said system; a control keyboard; means responsive to said control keyboard for inputting command signals into said system by means of said control keyboard, said command signals generated by depressing selected keys on said control keyboard; a first program module responsive to command signals received from said control keyboard for decoding said command signals submitted via said control keyboard; a second program module responsive to said first data, including means for translating said first data into second data in a format suitable for outputting to an output device; and means responsive to said first module for calling said second module.
 5. The combination according to claim 4 including means actuable repetitively by a musical performer at said keyboard for providing repetitive electrical signals to said data processing system, which signals correspond to the rhythm maintained by said musical performer; and means in said second program module responsive to said electrical signals for modifying said second data such that the content of said modified second data includes information which correlates said first data, from said musical instrument, with said electrical signals corresponding to the rhythm maintained by said musical performer. 